PLANTAE KINGDOM
Introduction
- Plantae kingdom includes all sorts of plants belonging to multicellular eukaryotes.
- These plants are autotrophs and they use chlorophyll for the photosynthesis.
Classification of Plantae Kingdom
- Based on distinct body structure, components, etc. plantae kingdom is further classified as:
- Thallophyta
- Bryophyta
- Pteridophyta
- Gymnosperms
- Angiosperms
- Let’s discuss each of them in brief:
Thallophyta
- The plants of thallophyta do not have well-differentiated body design.
- The plants in thallophyta are known as algae and they are predominantly aquatic.
- Some of the significant examples of thallophyta are Spirogyra, Ulothrix, Cladophora, Chara, etc.
Bryophyta
- The plants of amphibian group are categorized as bryophyta.
Funaria |
- Though not distinctly developed, but the plant body can be differentiated to form stem and leaf-like structures.
- The examples of bryophyta are moss (Funaria) and Marchantia.
Pteridophyta
- Plants of pteridophyta have defined roots, stem, and leaves.
- Pteridophyta plants have specialized tissue that transports water and other materials from one part to another part of the plant.
- Examples of pteridophyta are Marsilea, ferns, and horse-tails.
- The commonality among the thallophytes, the bryophytes, and the pteridophytes are – all of them have naked embryos, which are known as spores.
- The reproductive organs of plants of these groups are known as ‘cryptogamae,’ which means ‘hidden reproductive organs’.
Gymnosperm
- The plants of gymnosperm bear naked seeds.
- These plants are normally perennial, evergreen, and woody.
- Examples of gymnosperm are pines such as deodar, cycas, etc.
Angiosperms
- The plants of angiosperm bear covered seeds.
- Plants of angiospherms are also known as flowing plants.
- Plant embryos in seeds have a typical structures known as cotyledons, which is also called as ‘seed leaves.’
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